"examining the implementation of the Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC
in relation to medical research and the role of ethics committees"

• Introduction
• By Country
• Laws & Documents
• Bibliography
• Links

Data Protection - International and European Instruments

In the European Union

• Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC
• Telecommunications Directive 97/66/EC - now repealed and replaced by the Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications 2002/58/EC
• Regulation (EC) 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18. December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data

In Europe

• Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms as amended by Protocol No. 11, 4 November 1950.
• Council of Europe Convention for the protection of individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data 1981

  - Click here to see which countries have ratified or signed this Convention, or see the Council of Europe's website here.

• Amendment to the Convention for the protection of individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal data (ETS no. 108) allowing the European Communities to accede

• Additional Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Individuals with Regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data, Regarding Supervisory Authorities and Transborder Data Flows, 2001, CETS No. 181.
• Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine: Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine
• Additional Protocol to the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine Concerning Biomedical Research, and the explanatory report.
• Additional Protocol to the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, on Transplantation of Organs and Tissues of Human Origin - January 2002
• Recommendation No R(97)5 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the Protection of Medical Data, 1997.

At the international level

• OECD Guidelines on Privacy 1980
• OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data 2001
• The International Declaration on Human Genetic Data as adopted by the 32nd session of UNESCO on 16th October 2003. Outline of the International Instrument on Human Genetic Data (UNESCO), 28th October 2002.